Interdisciplinary Research in English Language Communication

Interdisciplinary Research in English Language Communication

Investigating Engagement Resources in Male vs. Female Restaurant Reviews on Google and Trip Advisor Platforms: An Appraisal-based Comparative Study

Document Type : Research Article

Authors
Mohammmed Ali Homedi
Hesham Suleiman Alyousef
English Department, College of Language Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
10.30470/irelc.2026.2064301.1025
Abstract
This study examines linguistic patterns and expressions used by male and female reviewers on Google Maps and TripAdvisor when evaluating restaurants. A total of 9,364 reviews, comprising 4,682 from each gender, were collected from Google Maps and TripAdvisor. Google Maps data was extracted using Apify, and TripAdvisor data was collected manually. The Engagement System of Appraisal Theory, as defined by Martin and White (2005), served as the analytical framework for this study. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were applied, with MAXQDA 24 supporting data analysis. The result indicates minor differences in the use of the engagement system between male and female reviewers in restaurant reviews. Female reviewers are more likely to promote restaurants with greater enthusiasm. In contrast, male reviewers more frequently employ the Entertain and Distance strategies, often using language that is justified. These findings suggest that gendered communication styles in consumer-generated texts may influence how information is presented and perceived.
Keywords
Appraisal Framework
Engagement System
Male and Female
Restaurant Reviewers